T
The Daily Insight

What happens when you sell a house with negative equity?

Author

Mia Ramsey

Published Mar 20, 2026

If you are a selling a property with negative equity, you will need to discuss the sale with your mortgage lender as you cannot sell the property at a price lower than the money you owe on it unless you have a mechanism to pay the money back.

Selling a house in negative equity will break your mortgage terms, will be expensive, and should only be an option if you’re in severe financial trouble. You will need your mortgage lender’s permission to sell the property if you know you won’t get enough from the sale to pay back what you owe.

What happens if the bank repossess your house?

After a repossession order, you have no house, but you may still have the debt. If the mortgage amount due is low, the bank or lender will return you your money after paying all the fees and recovering its debt once the sale is made.

What happens if you sell your house for less than you owe?

A home sale is an often-welcome occurrence in a homeowner’s life, though usually only when profit results. At times, though, a homeowner could end up selling her home for less than is owed on it.

How often can you exclude profits from selling a home?

You can use this 2-out-of-5-year rule to exclude your profits each time you sell your main home, but this means that you can claim the exclusion only once every two years because you must spend at least that much time in residence. You cannot have excluded the gain on another home in the last two-year period. 2 

Who is liable for a shortfall on a repossessed property?

“The consumer is liable for the payment of any shortfall and legal costs, including the costs to sell the repossessed property – this shortfall is the difference between what the property is sold for and what you owe on the bond plus costs incurred,” says chief executive officer of NDMA, Magauta Mphahlele.

How is the sale of a home reported as a capital gain?

Reporting the Gain. If you realize a profit in excess of the exclusion amounts or don’t qualify, the income on the sale of your home is reported on Schedule D as a capital gain. If you owned your home for one year or less, the gain is reported as a short-term capital gain.