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The Daily Insight

What does distribution code 1 mean on 1099-SA?

Author

Andrew Mclaughlin

Published Apr 20, 2026

normal tax-free distributions
You will receive a Form 1099-SA that shows the total amount of your annual distributions (i.e. money you used) reported in box 1. Provided you only use the funds to pay qualified medical expenses, box 3 should show the distribution code No. 1, which indicates normal tax-free distributions.

What are HSA total distributions?

In simple terms, an HSA distribution is any money an HSA owner takes out of an HSA. HSA owners and anyone they designate are free to take money from an HSA for any purpose. However, if any portion of a distribution is not used in accordance with HSA rules, that portion is taxable as income to the HSA owner.

What happens if you forget to file form 8889?

I forgot to report my HSA distributions used to pay doctor bills when you efiled my return which has been accepted by IRS. If you do not Amend and file Form 8889, the IRS will deem all of the HSA Distributions as non-qualified and will add them to your Taxable Income.

Are HSA distributions tax deductible?

Distributions from an HSA that are used to pay qualified medical expenses aren’t taxed. An Archer MSA may receive contributions from an eligible individual and his or her employer, but not both in the same year. Contributions by the individual are deductible whether or not the individual itemizes deductions.

Do you have to file form 8889 for HSA distributions?

That means you must report some of the distribution on your tax return. The IRS requires you to prepare Form 8889 and attach it to your tax return when you take a distribution from an HSA.

How does an employer report an HSA distribution?

Employers are not involved in the reporting process for HSA distributions. The HSA trustee or custodian tracks all HSA distributions and reports them to the account owner and the IRS using IRS Form 1099-SA. HSA owners report their distributions and medical expenses to the IRS using Form 8889.

How are earnings calculated for a HSA contribution?

If a regular contribution is made to the HSA that is closed, and a distribution is made to the participant, enter the gross distribution in box 1. If no earnings are distributed, enter zero in box 2. If earnings are distributed, enter the amount of earnings in box 2.

Can a beneficiary return a mistaken distribution to the HSA?

As the trustee or custodian, you do not have to allow beneficiaries to return a mistaken distribution to the HSA. However, if you do allow the return of the mistaken distribution, you may rely on the account beneficiary’s statement that the distribution was in fact a mistake.