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The Daily Insight

What do you need to know about the 1042 tax form?

Author

John Thompson

Published Feb 28, 2026

Form 1042-S (Foreign Person’s U.S. Source Income Subject to Withholding) is used to report any payments made to foreign persons. Forms 1042-S and 1042 (Annual Withholding Tax Return for U.S. Source Income of Foreign Persons) are IRS tax forms that deal specifically with payments to nonresident aliens and other foreign persons.

Can a 1042-S file be transmitted electronically?

In order to transmit 1042-S informational text files electronically through Filing Information Returns Electronically (FIRE) system, you must have suitable software, a service provider, or an in-house programmer that will create the file in the proper format per IRS requirements and record layouts found in publication 1187.

When to file for an extension of time to file Form 1042?

Filers may request an automatic 30-day extension by filing Form 8809 (Application for Extension of Time to File Information Returns) no later than 15 March of the next tax year. A second extension may be requested with Form 8809, but approval is not automatic.

When do you need a unique identifier on a 1042?

Even though it’s the same payee, you need two separate identifiers. This unique identifier is required if you need to make an amendment to the Form 1042-S, otherwise would be impossible for the IRS to distinguish between forms and understand which form you are amending. Which fields are mandatory for a 1042-S?

Do you have to file Form 1042 if you are non-US citizen?

If you are a Non-US citizen who receives passive income from a US source, there is a strong likelihood there is tax withheld from payment disbursal. You are likely then in receipt of form 1042-S, which must be added to your US tax return.

Is the 1042-S similar to a W-2?

It is similar to a W-2 in that regard. It is a record of income. The IRS Form 1042-S is a requirement in order to prepare the non-resident tax return. While there may appear to be some duplication, because you could get a W-2 reporting the income as well, you can report accurately when preparing the return.

What kind of tax form do I need for foreign beneficiary?

Form 1042-S is concerned with payments of US source income made to foreign persons, and a separate Form 1042-S is required for each beneficiary. Form 1042-T is the Annual Summary and Transmittal of Forms 1042-S for the estate or trust.