What are the major restrictions placed on an S corporation?
James Williams
Published Apr 09, 2026
An S Corporation must adhere to the following limitations:
- It may not have more than 100 shareholders.
- It is required to be a domestic business entity.
- The shareholders of the S Corporation must be US Citizens or legal residents of the United States.
- The S Corporation is restricted to only one class of stock.
Can an S Corp have multiple locations?
First: an S corporation can operate any number of lines of business. For instance, a single S corporation could operate a restaurant, a dry cleaning business, a consulting firm, a video arcade – there is no limit to the different kinds of businesses that a single S corporation can operate.
Can an S Corp have 2 partners?
Any corporation can be a partner in a general partnership, including an S corporation. While a general partnership is not a legal entity, it is a formal business relationship between at least two people. In most legal situations, a corporation is treated as a person.
Who can not be an S Corp?
Those who are neither U.S. citizens nor U.S. residents are not allowed to be owners of S corporations. The law limits S corporation shareholders to a maximum of 100. The only exception to this ceiling is when some of the shareholders are members of the same family.
What’s the difference between a C and S corporation?
A C Corporation is the default designation provided to a freshly incorporated company. A corporation may choose to convert into an S Corporation at any point in time, given that it receives the consent of all its shareholders to file for S status. Both formats are governed by similar provisions regarding ownership and capital generation.
Who are the shareholders of an S corporation?
An S corporation must not consist of more than 100 shareholders. To be eligible for ownership, one must be a natural individual holding a U.S. passport or be an American resident. This means that artificial entities such as trusts and other corporations are not entitled to ownership of stock in such a company.
When does a corporation have to be in a state?
If a corporation has employees in a state or maintains an office or other physical presence in a state (such as stores, warehouses, or distribution centers), it usually must qualify or register to do business there. A corporation with regional or nationwide operations might have qualification in dozens of states.
How does an out of state corporation change state?
If a state’s corporation law allows conversion or domestication, an out-of-state corporation files a certificate of conversion (or statement of domestication) requesting a change of incorporation state from the original formation state to the new one and attaching articles of incorporation that establish the corporation in its new state.