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The Daily Insight

Is civil service retirement an annuity?

Author

James Williams

Published Apr 01, 2026

The Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) is a defined benefit, contributory retirement system. Employees share in the expense of the annuities to which they become entitled.

Are you retired from the federal civilian service and receiving an annuity?

Congress created the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) in 1986, and it became effective on January 1, 1987. Since that time, new Federal civilian employees who have retirement coverage are covered by FERS. Then, after you retire, you receive annuity payments each month for the rest of your life.

Is civil service annuity a lifetime benefit?

CSRS is categorized as a defined benefit retirement plan. As such, an employee who retires under CSRS receives a guaranteed lifetime income and cannot outlive his or her CSRS annuity. Each month an annuitant receives (as part of the annuity) a portion of what has been contributed.

How are civil service annuities calculated?

Computing a Federal Annuity – Standard Rules

  1. 1.5% x high-3 x first five years of service.
  2. plus 1.75% x high-3 x next five years of service.
  3. plus 2.0% x high-3 x all years of service over 10.

Can I retire with 10 years of civil service?

Immediate Retirement If you retire at the MRA with at least 10, but less than 30 years of service, your benefit will be reduced by 5 percent a year for each year you are under 62, unless you have 20 years of service and your benefit starts when you reach age 60 or later.

CSRS is categorized as a defined benefit retirement plan. As such, an employee who retires under CSRS receives a guaranteed lifetime income and cannot outlive his or her CSRS annuity. CSRS employees are also eligible to contribute to the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP).

If you have less than five years of creditable civilian federal service, you’re not eligible for retirement. With 10 years up to 20 years of service, you’re eligible for a reduced retirement benefit at your minimum retirement age (55 to 57, depending on on year of birth).

How to apply for a civil service retirement annuity?

OPM advises that to apply for deferred retirement benefits, wait until 60 days prior to your 62nd birthday and then contact OPM for an “Application for Deferred Retirement”. OPM can be reached by calling toll-free 1 (888) 767-6738, or writing to: Office of Personnel Management, PO Box 45, Boyers, PA 16017.

Who is eligible for the Civil Service Retirement System?

There are five categories of benefits under the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS). CSRS Eligibility is based on your age and the number of years of creditable service and any other special requirements. In addition, you must have served in a position subject to CSRS coverage for one of the last two years before your retirement.

What are the requirements for a CSRS annuity?

In addition, you must have served in a position subject to CSRS coverage for one of the last two years before your retirement. If you meet one of the following sets of requirements, you may be eligible for an immediate CSRS retirement benefit. An immediate annuity is one that begins within 30 days after your separation.

How are federal retirees getting their annuity payments?

If you don’t sign up with us now, you’ll be informed by the U.S. Department of Treasury about the phase out of paper checks and their replacement with the Direct Express debit card. Currently, more than 95% of Federal retirees and survivors receive their payments by Direct Deposit.