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The Daily Insight

How far back can tax investigation go?

Author

Ava Robinson

Published May 13, 2026

HMRC will investigate further back the more serious they think a case could be. If they suspect deliberate tax evasion, they can investigate as far back as 20 years. More commonly, investigations into careless tax returns can go back 6 years and investigations into innocent errors can go back up to 4 years.

How many years can HMRC go back for tax?

4 years
In normal cases, the HMRC tax investigation time limit is 4 years, in which they can go back to claim money from taxpayers. If someone has been visibly careless (submitting tax returns with mistakes), HMRC can journey back 6 years.

How long does HMRC keep records?

5 years
How long to keep your records. You must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs ( HMRC ) may check your records to make sure you’re paying the right amount of tax.

How long can HMRC investigate a tax return?

If they suspect deliberate tax evasion, they can investigate as far back as 20 years. More commonly, investigations into careless tax returns can go back 6 years and investigations into innocent errors can go back up to 4 years. An investigation will often start with an enquiry into the last year’s tax return.

When does a tax investigation become a criminal investigation?

Most significantly, a tax investigation does not need to become an HMRC criminal investigation, including where tax evasion is alleged. This depends upon full and accurate disclosure of any irregularity and cooperation.

How long can HMRC go back for underpay tax?

If HMRC believe you have deliberately set out underpay tax illegally they can try to go back twenty years. Have you received a letter from HMRC Let Property Campaign?

Can a tax investigation be conducted under caution?

In more serious cases where there is a tax crime investigation HMRC can request an interview under caution, and different factors have to be considered on a case by case basis. In the most serious cases, HMRC can arrest and conduct an interview under caution.