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The Daily Insight

How do I file taxes if my business lost money?

Author

John Thompson

Published Mar 20, 2026

You determine a business loss for the year by listing your business income and expenses on IRS Schedule C. If your costs exceed your income, you have a deductible business loss. You deduct such a loss on Form 1040 against any other income you have, such as salary or investment income.

What happens when a business fails to pay taxes?

The IRS imposes both fines and penalties on taxpayers and businesses who don’t pay their taxes online or who fail to pay at all. If you can pay 90 percent of the taxes due, you may be able to avoid penalties, but you will still owe interest on any unpaid amounts. Also, there is a 5% per month late-filing penalty.

Do you get a tax refund if your business takes a loss?

Generally, the IRS classifies your business as a hobby, it won’t allow you to deduct any expenses or take any loss for it on your tax return. If you have a hobby loss expense that you could otherwise claim as a personal expense, such as the home mortgage deduction, you can claim those expenses in full.

What happens when the IRS seizes your business?

If the IRS seizes your house or other property, the IRS will sell your interest in the property and apply the proceeds (after the costs of the sale) to your tax debt. Money from the sale pays for the cost of seizing and selling the property and, finally, your tax debt.

How to deal with the IRS if your business has tax?

Regardless of what the IRS may tell you, filing for bankruptcy can reduce or wipe out some tax debts. The rules are complicated, but the bankruptcy option is worth checking out as a last resort. (To learn more about bankruptcy, see Nolo’s Bankruptcy section.)

How does the IRS close down a business?

The IRS can effectively close down your operation by seizing your assets — business accounts, desks, inventory — and padlocking your doors. On the plus side, the IRS collection machine is slow to get started — and slow to react once things get rolling — which gives you time to strategize.

How long does it take to get through to the IRS?

And taxpayers who reach out to the IRS via phone must typically wait 18 minutes to get through, versus 11 minutes before the pandemic.

What to do if you owe money to the IRS?

If it would help your situation, consider asking the IRS for a payment plan. The IRS allows most tax debtors to pay off old tax bills in monthly installments. But, if you go this route, remember that interest and penalties are always accumulating. You can also try to negotiate a discount on the total amount you owe.