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The Daily Insight

Can an ESOP own a company?

Author

John Thompson

Published Feb 23, 2026

Conclusion. Selling shares to an ESOP can result in relatively little change in corporate governance, even in cases where an ESOP owns a majority of the company. The trustee appoints the board and votes for the shares it holds, but in most cases, the interests of the trustee, the board and management are aligned.

Who owns ESOP stock?

An employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) is an employee benefit plan that gives workers ownership interest in the company. ESOPs give the sponsoring company, the selling shareholder, and participants receive various tax benefits, making them qualified plans.

Can I buy ESOP shares?

ESOP Rules Are Designed to Assure the Plans Benefit Employees Fairly and Broadly. Employee ownership can be accomplished in a variety of ways. Employees can buy stock directly, be given it as a bonus, can receive stock options, or obtain stock through a profit sharing plan.

Can ESOP be issued by private company?

Any company can issue ESOP. All companies other than listed companies should issue it in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules, 2014.

Can ESOP be given to directors?

The Act expressly prohibits ESOPs for Independent Directors[1] as the law makers believe that it compromises the ‘independence’ of such Independent Directors. Section 62(1)(b) of the Act provides for the approval of shareholders by a special resolution.

Can an ESOP lose value?

The value of an ESOP account can grow in two ways – if the value of the stock increases or if additional shares are allocated to the participant’s account. Conversely, an ESOP account’s value will shrink if the stock value decreases or if share allocations end.

Are there any employee share schemes in Ireland?

Employee share schemes are in operation in many Irish companies. In fact they have become best practice for rewarding and retaining employees. In some industry sectors employees expect share participation as part of their total remuneration package.

How are shares taxed in the Irish tax system?

Irish tax legislation allows for many types of schemes which facilitate employers in allocating shares, or granting options to buy shares, to employees tax efficiently. Depending on the type of scheme, employees may have to hold the shares for a number of years before they receive the tax benefits.

When do ESB employees have to sell their shares?

The so-called internal, or grey market, for the ESB shares is currently dysfunctional. ESOP participants who are no longer employed by the ESB have to sell their shares within three years of leaving the semi-state company, while only ESB workers who were with the company during or prior to 2002 can buy shares.

Can a company offer share option to employees?

The provisions of the Companies Act 1990, allow companies, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, to purchase their own shares and this can provide a market for private company shares. Must all employees be included? No. In general, share option schemes are delivered to key employees.