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The Daily Insight

Can a sole proprietor deduct 401k contributions?

Author

Emma Jordan

Published Mar 20, 2026

The highlight of the self-employed 401(k) is the ability to contribute to the plan in two ways. Self-employed 401(k) contributions may also make you eligible for added tax breaks. If your business is not incorporated, you can generally deduct contributions for yourself from your personal income.

Where do self-employed 401k contributions go on 1040?

Report the employer and employee contribution to the Solo 401k on Schedule 1, line 15 of the IRS tax form 1040.

Do 401k contributions reduce self-employment tax?

Regular deductions such as the standard deduction or itemized deductions won’t reduce your self-employment tax. Above-the-line deductions for health insurance, SEP-IRA contributions, or solo 401(k) contributions will not reduce your self-employment tax, either. These deductions only reduce the federal income tax.

Do you have to contribute to a Solo 401k?

The total contribution to your Solo 401k plan will be the aggregate of your salary deferral and profit-sharing contribution. You must make the Solo 401k contributions for your sole proprietorship by the time you file your business tax return.

How much can you contribute to a sole proprietorship 401k?

Use our helpful contribution calculator to determine your Solo 401k contribution for your sole proprietorship. The maximum employee salary deferral contribution can be up to 100% of your net compensation, maxing out at $19,000 (or $25,000 if you are age 50 or older).

How to set up a Solo 401k in QB for a sole proprietor?

What is the proper way to set up a Solo 401K in QB for a Sole Proprietor, as I am not using payroll, just Owner’s Pay? September 16, 2020 08:26 AM The $18k contribution can be classified as an owners draw — you are taking that portion out of the earnings to set aside for retirement (this is referred to as the deferral or employee portion).

What do you call a one participant 401k plan?

A one-participant 401(k) plan is sometimes called a: Solo 401(k) Solo-k  Uni-k One-participant k The one-participant 401(k) plan isn’t a new type of 401(k) plan. It’s a traditional 401(k) plan covering a business owner with no employees, or that person and his or her spouse.